Review on the Rehabilitation and Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints Using Conventional and Advanced Retrofitting Techniques
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Abstract
The beam-column joints in reinforced concrete (RC) moment resisting frame structures are the most critical and vulnerable under seismic loading. Over the past decades, joint failure (diagonal shear cracking, bond loss and brittle collapse) has been recognized as one of the most common causes of casualty and economic loss during earthquake reconnaissance. In this paper, the authors have identified and gathered experimental, analytical and numerical evidence from about 50 published studies, from 1975 to 2024, and synthesized them in this comprehensive review of conventional and advanced retrofitting strategies. The conventional methods discussed are: RC jacketing, steel jacketing and fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapping with carbon (CFRP), glass (GFRP), aramid (AFRP) and basalt (BFRP) composites. Advanced techniques include near surface mounted (NSM) FRP bars, textile-reinforced concrete (TRC), ultra-high performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) overlays, engineered cementitious composite (ECC/SHCC) and nanotechnology-based systems. Comparative performance parameters such as shear strength, ductility, energy dissipation, stiffness degradation and residual drift are tabulated and discussed in the context of design codes (ACI 318-19, ACI 440.2R-17, EN 1998-3, IS 13920, ASCE 41-17). There are eight schematic figures and five data tables provided. The review pinpoints key areas for further study: full-scale testing, codification of hybrid systems, long-term durability, and assessment of the sustainability of hybrid systems.
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References
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